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Toxicity of pentachlorophenol for micromycetes isolated from
freshwater sediments
Lucile Sage1,Regine Steiman1,
Françoise Seigle-Murandi1,
Jean-Louis Benoit-Guyod2
& Gérard Merlin3
Groupe pour l'Étude du Devenir des Xénobiotiques
dans l'Environnement (GEDEXE)
1Laboratoire de Botanique,
Cryptogamie, Biologie Cellulaire et Génétique
2 Laboratoire de Toxicologie
et Écotoxicologie, UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Université
J. Fourier BP 138, 38243 Meylan Cedex. Tel 76.90.26.18.
3Laboratoire de Biologie
et Biochimie Appliquée, École Supérieure
d'Ingénieurs en Génie de l'Environnement et
Construction (ESIGEC),
Université de Savoie, 73000 Chambéry. Tel 79.75.85.85.
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Abstract
In order to evaluate the impact of xenobiotics on fungal
communities of sediments, lentic ecosystems have been reconstituted
in the laboratory and examined before as well as after contamination.
Microcosms (2 litres) have been treated with three different
concentrations of pentachlorophenol (PCP) (3, 100, and 1000mg 1-1)
at 22 degC. The fungal strains present in the sediments were first
isolated and identified before contamination with PCP. Most of the
strains belonged to Deuteromycetes (mainly Mucedinaceae and Dematiaceae)
with a predominance of the genus Penicillium, and Ascomycetes were
found in exceptional abundance. New isolations and identifications
were made on days 1,2,4,8, and 15 after contamination with PCP.
The sensitivity of the various species were determined as a function
of the level of PCP and the duration of contamination. Ascomycetes
was particularly resistant to high concentrations of PCP. The toxicity
of the xenobiotic towards strains belonging to various taxonomic
groups is discussed, as well as the possibility that some of them
may be useful for biodegradation and/or bioremediation processes,
or as bioindicators of polluted sites.
Keywords: pentachlorophenol, micromycetes,
sediments, microcosms
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