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Effects of potential xenoestrogens (DEHP, nonylphenol and
PCB) on sexual differentiation in juvenile Atlantic salmon
(Salmo salar)
L. Norrgrena
, A. Bloma, P.L. Anderssonb,
H. Borjensonc, D.G.J. Larssond,
P.-E. Olssone
aDepartment
of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University
of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Pox 7028,S-750 07 Uppsala,
Sweden
bInstitute of Environmental Chemistry Umeå University,
S-901 87 Umeå Sweden
cSwedish Salmon Research Institute, Älvkarleby, S-814
94 Älvkarleby Sweden
dDepartment of Zoophysiology Göteborg University, S-413
90 Göteborg, Sweden
eDepartment of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Umeå
University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Abstract
The effects of 17ß-estradiol and potential xenoestrogens
were investigated on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Juvenile salmon
fed diets containing 15 and 30 mg 17ß-estradiol kg-1
food for 4 weeks after yolk-sac resorption differentiated into 88
and 100% phenotypic females, respectively. The reference group,
fed uncontaminated food, consisted of 49% females. A significant
overrepresentation of phenotypic females (64%) was recorded in the
group fed 1500 mg di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate kg-1
food. Atlantic salmon fed diets contaminated with nonylphenol showed
no differences in sex ratios compared with the control group. A
significantly increased liver somatic index was detected for groups
exposed to diets contaminated with 15 and 3Omg 17ß-estradiol,
300mg nonylphenol or 1500 mg di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate kg-1
food.
Intraperitoneal injections of nonylphenol, di-2-ethylhexyl
phthalate, or polychlorinated biphenyls 58, 104, 112 and 188 did
not induce synthesis of vitellogenin which is considered to be a
hallmark for estrogenic activity in in vivo testing. Therefore,
in vivo assays, that is, intraperitoneal injection, can not always
predict how endocrine processes in organisms are affected by pollutants.
© 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd and AEHMS. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Fish; Injection; Feeding; Liver; Estradiol
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